Brand Personality Article Analysis - 1065 Words

If I am a brand, how would you get to know me? How would you get to like me? How might you develop real feelings for me? Brands today are just like human personality, it is both distinctive and enduring. Imagine a Harley- Davidson tattoo on your arm; would you perceive yourself to be more muscular or less muscular than before? In the article, the authors revealed that brand personality do â€Å"rub off† onto some consumer who hold certain beliefs about their personality- entity theorist in particular. In this paper, I will be discussing the research topic and the methods used and explore the practicability of the article. Park and John investigated how consumers respond to brand personality and introduce implicit self- theories (entity†¦show more content†¦Study 4 measures the impact of self-threat condition, implicit self- theory and the interaction between self- threat condition and implicit self-theory (independent variables) on self- perceptions (dependent variable). Faced with a self- threat, entity theorists embrace the opportunity by using an MIT pen to portray themselves as more intelligent, hardworking and a leader as compared to those who used a regular pen. In conclusion, the findings of this article were consistent over the four experiments conducted. Brand personalities do rub off on consumers- entity theorists, resulting in more positive perceptions of themselves on personality traits associated with the brands they used. The article gave me a better understanding towards the impact of brand personality towards consumers of different beliefs. Furthermore, it uncovers the underlying reason to such behavior. The ANCOVA method enables me to realize the main effect and interaction between the dependent and independent variables. However, I find that the sample selected for the experiments conducted may pose as a potential bias in the results. For instance, participants in study 2 were selected from two marketing classes. Participants may not answer truthfully when they were asked how well the traits (intelligence, hardworking and leader) represent them. Both entity and incremental theoristsShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Self- Congruity And Consumer Behaviour?1406 Words   |  6 PagesLITERATURE REVIEW OF PUBLISHED JOURNAL ARTICLES Several journal articles have been published in relation to the concept of self- congruity and consumer behaviour. It is seen that different articles focus on developing brand personality and image, pertaining to a specific field. In case of tourism industries, it is seen that self- congruity plays a very major role, even though destination branding is different from that of any normal product or service (Usakli Ahmet, 2009,p.1). The research on destinationRead MoreGot to Get You Into My Life: Do Brand Personalities Rub Off on Consumers? Jcr Report1440 Words   |  6 PagesYou into My Life: Do Brand Personalities Rub off on Consumers?† Authors: Ji Kyung Park, Deborah Roedder John This report is a study of brand personalities and how they can â€Å"rub off† on their consumers. This is how the consumer perceives themselves after they use that brand. This article is important because it shows how a brand can affect the consumer. If a brand can capture a personality of a certain person, the more likely that person will stick with that brand. Brand loyalty is a very importantRead MoreUse Of Innovating Advertising : Conventional Vs. Innovative Anthropomorphic Advertising1281 Words   |  6 PagesThe use of the anthropomorphism method in advertising is a key component to product and brand success in our modern society as well as in the past. 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It is also a brand rich with a legacy of providing exceptional customerRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder And Multiple Personality Disorder1384 Words   |  6 Pagesas multiple personality disorder) is one of the more fascinating and simultaneously terrifying of the formal mental disorders. Probably due in part to DID’s fantastic, almost unbelievable nature, it is also one of the more controversial disorders that has been formally included in the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). In the most recent DSM, DSM-5, the signature criteria for DID is the â€Å"disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality parts†¦ (that)Read MoreApple Branding Strategy1466 Words   |  6 PagesTHE ANALYSIS OF APPLE’S BRANDING STRATEGIES by Anna Glenn The Apple brand strategy is all about the experience. According to Wired.com, â€Å"Apple’s emotional branding, a brand that is felt in the heart and mind of the consumer† [2], is the key to its survival. Apple’s brand is reflected through their core beliefs about innovation, imagination and design. It is promoted through their products, advertisement and customer experience. This paper will give an introduction on understanding what a brand isRead MoreThe Clothing And Fashion Industry774 Words   |  4 Pagesand fashion industry. Clothing is something that everyone in modern society needs, and something that a few consumers care very much about. The number one thing clothing is used for, besides covering and protecting our bodies, is to express our personalities, socioeconomic status, and how we feel on a given day. Because the the demographic for people who buy clothes is so large, it has a lot of variation. People buy clothes of many different qualities and prices, or they make their own. The referenceRead MoreAnalysis : The Beach Essay1745 Words   |  7 Pagesthe tide had gone out, revealing a wider coastline. The world-famous beach is manmade and since 1951, over 80,000 cubic meters of sand has been imported to replace sand lost through erosion from heavy rainfall, sea swells, wind and tropical storms. Analysis: With Hawaii’s economy being dependant on tourism and the main source of employment, it is important for DMOs ensure its attractions and services are maintained. The beaches are Hawaii’s most popular attractions but are in danger due to erosion andRead MoreSales Promotion1365 Words   |  6 Pagesanswer based on the comparison of the elements of quantitative and qualitative research designs table 2.4 page 46) 11. Explain various tools for qualitative research. (depth interview, focus group, discussion guides, projective techniques, metaphor analysis and online focus group) 12. Explain different types of quantitative research. (observational research, experimentation and survey research) 13. Briefly explain different data collection instruments for quantitative research. (questionnairesRead MoreThe Secret of Starbucks’ Success in China1180 Words   |  5 PagesArticle Review and Analysis ----The Secret of Starbucks’ Success in China The current event article I found tells about the successful marketing strategies that the Starbucks Corporation takes to enter into the market of China, and simultaneously the problems and difficulties it has in the process of market expanding. The Starbucks Corporation is the global leader in specialty coffee consumption. Arising almost overnight from a market in Seattle, Washington, the company today provides quality premium

The Effects Of Stress On College Students - 991 Words

Introduction of the Article Stress is something that everyone has to deal with. However, as unique as each person is, so is their response to stress. This case study, entitled: Exploring the Effect of Stress on Mood, Self-Esteem, and Daily Habits with Psychology Graduate Students, was performed due to the lack of quantitative data on the subject of the effects of stress on college students. The researchers stated their hypothesis in two parts. They are: â€Å"(1) daily habits, self-esteem, and mood will significantly correlate with stress and (2) daily habits, self-esteem, and mood are significant unique predictors of stress† (McKinzie, Altamura, Burgoon, Bishop, 2006. pg. 441). The collection of quantitative data concerning the effects of stress could help produce outcomes that can limit or stop the stress more so than qualitative data due to the fact qualitative data would be opinions and therefore could not be applied to a larger group of people. â€Å"College stude nts, regardless of year in school, often deal with pressures related to finding a job or a potential life partner† (Ross, Niebling, Heckert, 1999. pg. 313). Design and Procedure The researchers in this study chose to utilize survey research. Survey research asks that each participant complete and return a questionnaire or even a series of questionnaires. From there the data is extracted, compiled and analyzed by the researchers. Within this study the independent variable would be the reactions to stress.Show MoreRelatedEffects Of Stress On College Students1498 Words   |  6 Pagesthem do. 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College students go through a lot of stress, causing many problems, and not enough solutions. College studentsRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On College Students2064 Words   |  9 PagesFor many students, college is the best time of their lives. However, these â€Å"golden ages† can be harmed by stress, and also by various disorders that stress evokes: depression, anxiety, substance abuse and eating disorders. The number of students that suffer from stress is increasing every year. Stress not only has an impact on students physical and mental health but also on their academic performance. Students under stress feel hopeless, sad and so depressed that it seriously affects their dailyRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On College Students2748 Words   |  11 Pagesnot alone. Many college students live through their college years at this heightened state of anxiety known as stress. Stress is inevitable and may feel impossible to articulate as stress levels vary between individuals. 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Many students have different problems that make them have to decide whether to stick to education or go a different route in life. There are many causes and effects due to the amount of stress college students go through daily. I know this because Ive been a college student for about 3 months and experience stress almost every day. Three main causes why college students experience stress is becauseRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress Among College Students Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesOver the years many studies have been conducted to determine what creates stress and how college students can cope with stress. Stressors in a student’s life can be created through personal, educational and social ex periences. A student faces many experiences while transitioning from high school, to college, and into adulthood. These experiences include: living arrangements, personal finances, important career decisions, experiences of failure, interpersonal relationships, and personal finances

Community Assessment Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Community Needs Assessment. Answer: Introduction Community assessment and community needs assessment are fundamental public health functions. Community assessment is the process of identifying important health needs and issues through organized, comprehensive data collection and analysis. Its main objective is to enhance a knowledgeable comprehension of the gaps that exist within a population and their effect on community members. Community needs assessment is incorporation of data assembling, community participation and focused activity with the goal of satisfying the demands of the people. For a needs assessment to be effective, the difference between the present and desired condition should be studied (Stanhope Lancaster, 2015).This essay covers the health needs of the Roma community cited from census data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics for the community, Queensland and the nation. It also describes the purpose and procedures for undertaking both the assessments. Presentation of Tables The ABS census data indicates the population of the Roma people, age and their marital status, level of education, religious affiliation, and country of birth, employment, dwellings, family composition and household composition. This information will be used in the essay to determine the needs of the Roma people. The inferences summarizes and interprets the age, level of education and Household composition of the people to the national average. Table 1: ABS census data Community Roma State Queensland Country Australia Characteristic N % % % People Males Females ATSI 3408 3442 571 49.8 50.2 8.3 49.4 50.6 4.0 49.3 50.7 2.8 Age 0-14 years 65 years 1,526 813 22.3 11.9 19.4 15.2 18.7 15.8 Marital status Married Separated Divorced Widowed Never married 2422 179 428 279 2012 45.5 3.4 8.0 5.2 37.8 46.9 3.6 9.3 4.9 35.4 48.1 3.2 8.5 5.2 35.0 Level of highest educational attainment Bachelor degree level and above Advanced diploma in diploma level Certificate level IV Certificate level III Year 12 Year 11 Year 10 Certificate level II Certificate level I Year 9 or below No education attainment Not stated 714 383 188 898 708 218 806 3 0 443 23 831 13.4 7.2 3.5 16.9 13.3 4.1 15.2 0.1 0.0 8.3 0.4 15.6 18.3 8.7 3.0 15.2 16.5 4.3 12.9 0.1 0.0 7.3 0.4 10.8 22.0 8.9 2.9 12.8 15.7 4.9 10.8 0.1 0.0 8.0 0.8 10.4 Country of birth (COB) Australia Other top 3 COB categories 5347 343 78.2 5.1 71.1 8.9 66.7 7.1 Religious affiliation Top 3 religious affiliations Catholic Anglican No religion 1870 1489 1260 27.3 21.8 18.4 21.7 15.3 29.2 22.6 13.3 29.6 Employment Worked full-time Worked part-time Away from work Unemployed 2370 805 196 134 67.4 22.9 5.6 4.1 57.7 29.9 4.8 7.6 57.7 30.4 5.0 6.9 Family composition Couple family without children Couple family with children One parent family Other family 642 726 247 15 39.4 44.5 15.2 0.9 39.4 42.5 16.5 1.6 37.8 44.7 15.8 1.7 Dwellings Occupied private dwellings Unoccupied private dwellings 2384 589 80.2 19.6 89.4 10.6 88.8 11.2 People characteristics Male Female 276 300 47.9 52.1 49.4 50.6 49.6 50.4 Household composition Family households Single or lone person households Group households 1600 690 87 66.3 29.0 3.7 71.8 23.5 4.7 71.3 24.4 4.3 Table 2: Inferences generated from community data Category of data Summary statement/measures Inference Age The ages between 0-14 make up 22.3% of the population while more than 65 makes up 11.9% of Roma. The proportion of ages 0-14 is higher than the state and the national average while above 65 is far lower than the state and national average. Level of highest educational attainment Bachelors degree level and above The average for Roma is 13.4 compared to State average of 18.3 and a national average of 22.0. Roma has a lower level of attainment of bachelors degree level and above than the state and national averages. Household Composition Roma has an average for family households of 66.3%, single households of 29.0% and group households of 3.7%. Roma has a lower proportion of people living in family households compared to the state and national levels but has higher single household rates than the higher levels. Note: Data retrieved from Australian Bureau of Statistics, https://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2016/quickstat/SSC32487 Community assessment Community assessment is essential in mobilizing people to action as it distinguishes and matches the skills of community members. This type of evaluation urges members of the community to pay attention to their weaknesses and disregard their strengths. It helps in understanding the dynamics of a community which then aids in making decisions about the critical issues to undertake. It also discloses the strengths and circumstances for growth. It is undertaken to determine the purpose of a program or intervention, to deduce new plans and procedures that can be used to contemplate on a set of objectives, to choose approaches to use in an intervention and to establish a framework for assessing development in the community, (Mitzlaff, Atzmueller, Hotho Stumme, 2011). Factors that impact the health of a population includes the degree of health equity that is the ability of people to attain the highest level of health, the community environment which includes the physical and social environment affects health, access to important information concerning health and access to health care, (Mann, 2011). A gap should exist in a community before undertaking an assessment. Identifying the gaps in this factors is key to conducting a successful assessment. Community assessment should be complete in three phases which include: pre-assessment where one decides on the people to access, the type of data to collect, methods of data collection and the procedure to use in analyzing information. In this phase, community partners are identified and requested to self-assess their resources and the health issues that they consider more vital to address. The second stage is assessment which involves determining the jurisdiction and intentions of the analysis, choosing data collection methods which may include interviews, focus groups and questionnaires. The third section is pilot testing the instruments and procedures and collecting data. Post-assessment activities entail preparing and publishing the results and investigating the quality of the assessment while taking into account the problems experienced during the activity, (Clark, 2015) Description of the community The Roma people mainly live in Europe especially Central, Eastern and Southern. According to ABS 2016 census there were 6,848 people in Roma (State Suburbs) 49.8% were male while 50.2% were females. Children between 0-14 years constituted 22.3% of the residents while people aged 65 years and over made up 11.9% of the residents. 32.7% were attending an educational institution, 24.6 were in primary school and 18.3% in secondary school and 12.5% in higher institutions of learning. The most common religion was Christianity with an overall of (76.0%). The level of education attainment was low with 13.3% of the people reported year 12 as their highest level of educational attainment, 20.4% with certificate III or IV and 7.2% with Advanced Diploma or Diploma. The number of married people was higher than that of single-parent families. 3515 of the people employed largely comprises of technicians and professionals (Australian Bureau of Statistics). Analysis of data and understanding of the community profile The social determinants of health that seem to negatively influence the community to include a low level of education, Poor housing and low-income levels. Findings on the ABS census data indicates that most of the people are not well educated which is evident from the percentage of people who are learned. Acquiring education plays a crucial role in increasing one's ability to make an important decision concerning his or her health. Attending institution of higher learning is associated with improved health since educated people are very knowledgeable about health and the practices that improve their health, (McKenzie, Neiger Thackeray, 2016). ABS census data reveals that the Roma community has a poor housing which negatively impacts on their health. Poor housing is connected to poor health and is capable of aggravating existing health conditions. A healthy home should have a good structure which is free of hazards and it should also provide enough facilities for sleeping and personal hygiene, (Arku, Luginaah, Mkandawire, Baiden Asiedu; Friedman, 2010). The community has low income levels where the median personal income for people over 15 years is $818. Income is a major factor in accessing health care. People with less incomes have less resources to use in visiting a doctor and buying medications. The ability to get health services increases with income level. The Roma community do not have high level of good health due to their economic status. Low income also results in the consumption of low quality food and poor diet which affects the health of a person. Bergitka Roma, a subgroup of the Roma is vulnerable due to unmet health issues like lack of adequate housing, poor economic status and lack of adequate food which are a major concern that deteriorates their health (McKenzie, Pinger Kotecki, 2011) Community needs assessment Community needs assessment investigates the resources and strengths present in the community to fulfill the needs of the society. It pays attention to the potential of the population. A simple way to determine the needs of a community includes interrogating residents about their contentment with services and the specific amenities that they require. Their judgments are essential in the construction of a program that focuses on community change. The basis for conducting this evaluation include learning about the needs of a specific group.To acquire a sincere and non-discriminatory account of the needs of people.To be informed of the needs that one did not know about, to document the needs and to ensure the actions taken are in line with the needs communicated by the community, (Gupta, 2011). The methods for needs assessment are in phases which include the planning and organizing part where one determines the current motive of the evaluation. The data collection stage where one finds out the types of data followed by utilizing and drafting a survey instrument, summarizing and disseminating the needs by collecting and analyzing data and conveying the findings and sharing the outcomes through public forums to ensure proper planning (Laymon, Shah, Leep, Elligers, Kumar, 2015). The components of needs assessment include; policy change, system change and environmental change. Policy change involves laws and regulations that intend to direct and impact the way of life of people. System change involves altering all community elements such as policies which help in dealing with liability issues that are of critical significance. The environmental change applies to the factors devised to control peoples practices and behavior. They include physical factors which comprise of the availability of healthy food options in restaurants and cafeterias and advancements in the built environment, social factors encompass changing in behavior about approaches that improve health and economic factors cover the financial incentives that aim at motivating the desired behavior, (Stamler, Yiu Dosani, 2016) The first step of planning on how to engage with Bergtika subgroup includes identifying and bringing together a diverse community team. Followed by developing a team strategy and defining the community to access. The fourth course of action involves identifying community sectors to access then developing questions to ask for each component and how the responses will be measured The final steps entail selecting the areas to visit within each locality, determining how to collect data and identifying key in formats to contact, (Minkler, 2012) Conclusion Education, housing and health are some of the important community needs, (Nutbeam, Harris Wise, 2010). Roma people have various needs for example by low education levels with only a third of its population in education institutions, low income levels with $818 as the average income for people above 15 years and poor housing which greatly affect their health. Community assessment and community needs assessment are tools utilized to explore this needs. They play a key role in starting an improvement process by identifying the key characteristics of the population, a process critical in understanding the needs of the people. The information from the ABS 2016 census identifies the unfulfilled needs of the Roma community which will help authorities to plan and mobilize resources to improve on the specific areas of need with an end goal of improving the health and sustainability of the community. A healthy nation is a fruitful nation therefore the healthier the community the more producti ve and less dependent it becomes. References Arku, G., Luginaah, I., Mkandawire, P., Baiden, P., Asiedu, A. B. (2011). Housing and health in three contrasting neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana.Social Science Medicine,72(11), 1864-1872. Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2017, October 23). 2016 Census Quick Stats. Retrieved March 24, 2018, from https://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2016/quickstat/SSC32487 Clark, M. J. (2015). Community health nursing. Prentice Hall. Friedman, D. (2010). The social impact of poor housing.London: Ecotec, 597-606. Gupta, K. (2011).A practical guide to needs assessment. John Wiley Sons. Laymon, B., Shah, G., Leep, C. J., Elligers, J. J., Kumar, V. (2015). The proof's in the partnerships: Are affordable care act and local health department accreditation practices influencing collaborative partnerships in community health assessment and improvement planning?.Journal of Public Health Management and Practice,21(1), 12-17. Mann, J. (2011). Health and human rights.American journal of public health. McKenzie, J. F., Neiger, B. L., Thackeray, R. (2016). Planning, implementing evaluating health promotion programs: A primer. Pearson. McKenzie, J., Pinger, R., Kotecki, J. (2011).An introduction to community health. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Minkler, M. (Ed.). (2012).Community organizing and community building for health and welfare. Rutgers University Press. Mitzlaff, F., Atzmueller, M., Benz, D., Hotho, A., Stumme, G. (2011). Community assessment using evidence networks. InAnalysis of Social Media and Ubiquitous Data(pp. 79-98). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Nutbeam, D., Harris, E., Wise, W. (2010).Theory in a nutshell: a practical guide to health promotion theories. McGraw-Hill. Gupta, K. (2011).A practical guide to needs assessment. John Wiley Sons. Stamler, L. L., Yiu, L., Dosani, A. (Eds.). (2016).Community health nursing: A Canadian perspective. Pearson. Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J. (2015). Public Health Nursing-E-Book: Population-Centered Health Care in thste Community. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Odysseus The Hero Essays - Greek Mythology, Ancient Greek Religion

Odysseus the Hero Every Epic follows a certain guideline, it is written in an elevated style consisting of a hero and deeds he does during his travels or journey. In the Odyssey written by Homer, the hero named Odysseus portrays many Hero-like characteristics that can make the reader envious. Homer gives Odysseus 3 traits that fit the definition of a hero like a glove. Odysseus is courageous, has great strength and ability, and exhibits noble qualities. Odysseus shows his courage early on in the Epic by agreeing to go and fight in the Trojan War where he was needed. He knew he was risking never seeing his family again but he was willing to fight. The greatest proof of Odysseus being a true hero was his strength and ability. During the war he showed his smarts. He devised the wooden horse plan, where a bunch of soldier packed into a huge wooden horse and were brought into the city of Troy then came out during the night and burned and attacked the people and the city. The smart thinking of Odysseus ended the 10 year long war. Also in book 21 Penelope held the contest to win her hand. The contest was a simple as; whoever could string Odysseus' bow and shoot the arrow through 12 ax heads would be Penelope's husband. Penelope knew Odysseus was the only person who could perform such a feat. This event showed how strong Odysseus was. After the contest when Odysseus made his presence clear he has the courage and Strength to give the suitors 4 reasons for to die. He tells them you took my house, you took my maids, you tried to take my wife, and you disrespected the gods. It took guts to say that after being gone for 20 years. He shows his strength by proceeding killing all of the suitors without any outside help. Odysseus is a noble character who everyone looks up to. Besides some of the suitors, Odysseus is respected by most of the other characters. Antionoos and Euremakus are especially rude suitors who treated Odysseus like dirt when he was dressed as a beggar. Odysseus treated everyone with the same amount of respect they gave him. When compared with other hero's for example Superman, Odysseus fits right in. He has the traits of a true hero and it shows throughout the Odyssey. Bibliography none

The History of Voting Rights in the United States of America

The History of Voting Rights in the United States of America The United States of America is often regarded as the ideal of universal suffrage by other countries around the world. However, many American politicians and activists still argue that there is still room for changes in some vital areas of the government’s core units.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The History of Voting Rights in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Constitutional rights on voting are indeed one of those sectors that have been accorded great concern in the U.S. history (Donald, 1998). As it would be observed, the U.S. Constitution guarantees for overall protection of peoples’ liberties, which are executed through the guideline and requirement of the Bill of Rights. The fundamental right of taking part in the voting exercise, as we all know, offers every American citizen the opportunity to actively take part in the republican form of government within the st ates. Definite triumphs are common in the United States nowadays owing to the big concerns that are currently addressed to the overall civil and voting rights. This paper provides an in-depth outline of the history of the voting rights in the U.S. in regard with Constitutional amendments that have been witnessed so far in the sector. More importantly, some of the major challenges to equal and fair voting facing the country at state, federal, and local elections are also discussed in this essay. The issue regarding the provision of civil rights protecting people from the interference of government as well as the provision of those civil rights which guarantees people equal participation in a democratic world has always been a matter of concern to many political scholars and activists. The American voting rights has been a contentious issue in the country’s past. Eligibility to take part in the voting exercise can be determined by both state and Federal law and presently, only citizens are eligible to vote in America. This however, has not always been the case. When the U.S. finally achieved its independence in 1776, only one category of people; white, property-owning males would enjoy a massive voice in the government (Bickel, 1966). The franchise was denied to women and all other people of color in the states.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This would actually raise much concern as people started realizing the value of the lacking freedom and slowly, a steady march towards attaining freedom and justice for everyone would begin resulting into major amendments that would see other citizens taking part in the significant exercise. The 14th Amendment to the Federal Constitution was passed in the year 1886, offering the right of citizenship to former slaves and changing them to whole persons of the country (Dinnerstein and Reimers, 1975). Come in 1869 , the 15th Amendment was passed allowing the black men to take part in the voting practice. However, most women of all races were still unable to play a role in the exercise. 1869 would also mark the beginning of another era known as ‘Black Codes’ which placed a restriction on the rights and freedom of African Americans in various sectors, among them the freedom to exercise their right to vote. Restriction strategies such as poll taxes, literary tests, economic pressures and threat of physical violence intended to suppress these categories from voting were observed to be common within the Black Codes. This however, was a short-lived practice in the changing world of the U.S. politics and with time, the Constitution would successfully make voting in the U.S. an exercise for all. Initiatives to promote the role of women in the voting exercise can be traced back to the 1770s through the early 1800s. Various conventions and movements advocating for women rights would take p lace and come in 1920, the 19th Amendment to the Constitution would accord women the freedom to take part in the U.S. voting exercise. Some interim changes to immigration and naturalization laws in 1940s and 1950s would also open the practice to some categories but not every Asian Pacific American. The final barriers to minority voting rights in the U.S. ultimately came in the year 1965, following the enactment of the legislation that did not only enforce the 15th Amendment but that would enact a countrywide prohibition on aspects limiting voting rights for minorities across the states. However, regardless of these significant amendments, the American youth still lacked the right to vote and it was not until the passage of the 26th Amendment in July, 1971 when they were able to do so following the reduction of the minimum voting age from 21 to 18 years of age. Today, the American youth just like anybody else have the right to fully appreciate both their duty and right to elect their leaders and representatives in the government (Fowler, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The History of Voting Rights in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, no matter these significant federal legislation and amendments in the U.S. Constitution on the voting rights, there are still some notable challenges to equal and fair execution of the exercise. Among the major challenges is the race/gender issue whereby elective positions, entitlements and other benefits come with one’s status and culture in the class-divided society of America. Unequal and unfair voting practice in the modern U.S. is also likely to result from various attitudes directed towards diverse population where immigrants have limited rights or even no rights at all compared to genuine American citizens. Another big challenge here is that, many people would be opposed to any form of affirmative action sim ply for their belief that it is likely to violate a sense of fairness. These are some of the drawbacks facing fair and equal voting in modern U.S. and this is the time for strong affirmative actions to be undertaken towards correcting such inequalities, for a better America. References Bickel, A. (1966). The Voting Rights Cases. The Supreme Court Review, 1966 (67), 79-102. Dinnerstein, L. and Reimers, D. (1975). Ethnic Americans: A history of immigration and assimilation. History: Reviews of New Books, 4 (1), 17-17. Donald, G. (1998). An Introduction to Arizona History and Government. 6th Ed. New York: Pearson Custom Publishing. Fowler, K. (2007). Deceptive Voting Practices and Voter Intimidation in the Wake of United States v. Charleston County. Charleston L. Rev, 2 (17), 733.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Self-Publishing Tips from one of the UKs Bestselling Authors

Self-Publishing Tips from one of the UKs Bestselling Authors Self-Publishing Tips from one of the UK's Bestselling Authors For those of you who are still  skeptical  about the extent of self-publishing's promise, Adam Croft is all the inspiration you need. With 150,000 copies sold in the first quarter of  2016 and a book deal with Amazon, things are only looking up for this new indie giant.  In this post, he shares his top tips for self-publishing.When you’re first starting out as an author, it can be incredibly daunting. I remember the feeling well. Back when I started self-publishing in 2011, there really wasn’t much information or tips out there on how to market your books and be successful at it. I had to find my own way, and along the way I learnt a lot.  Since then, I’ve gone on to sell more than half a million books, with my latest becoming the biggest-selling self-published book of the year and landing me a huge publishing deal with Amazon. That took five years of working out what works and what doesn’t. Separating the wheat from the chaff is difficult, espec ially with so many people professing to be self-publishing experts.  Even today, there’s a lot of rubbish out there in the industry. People with barely a few hundred sales put themselves up as gurus to tell others what works and what doesn’t. The signal to noise ratio is low. I hope to cut through that. Here are my top tips based on five years of experience, half a million sales and the biggest-selling indie book of the year.Treat your writing as a businessThis is absolutely paramount. You’re creating a product and selling it to customers. If that makes you uncomfortable, stop reading now and find a traditional publisher. You need to be business-minded and thinking about profit margins. Otherwise, you’re not after self-publishing; you’re after vanity publishing, which is a whole different ball-game.Always think about the long-termYou won’t release your first book and get big sales. You just won’t. In fact, once you’ve self-published your first book, pat yourself on the back and get on with writing another two. New readers simply aren’t going to flock to your one single book - they like to stick with a certain author. Give them a reason to want to invest in you.Likewise, don’t concern yourself with getting sales straight away. You need to be thinking about future-proofing your business and your career, which leads me on to†¦Get a mailing listSign up for a MailChimp account and get yourself a mailing list. Simply having readers buy your book and then disappear into the ether is not what you want. You need to be able to get in touch with them and let them know when you’ve got a new book out. Trust me: they won’t be searching your name on Amazon every couple of weeks to see if you’ve got a new one. They won’t even remember your name once they’ve put the book down. They’ll be straight onto the next author who’s marketing his or her books better than you.This is my number one tip in terms of marketing, and I really can’t overstate it enough. For more information on how to make mailing lists really work, check out Nick Stephenson’s books - Reader Magnets, in particular, or even his exhaustive interview on the Reedsy blog. You can get your own copy of Adam's latest thriller, Her Last Tomorrow  here.Agree with Adam's methods? Do you have your own secret self-publishing tips? Share them here, or ask Adam any question in the comments below!

Industry and Labor Relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Industry and Labor Relations - Assignment Example Moreover in Virginia which traditionally had been dominated by agriculture and commodities had had an economy that was less likely to be dominated by unionized workers. Q#2- The challenges and opportunities that are faced when dealing with labor practice are varied between different professions and economic entities insofar as all organizations conduct different initiatives to help improve their competitiveness. In the American context one could argue that one challenge would be better integration of professionals from different fields (Metalworkers and carpenters for example) to better integrate their practices to ensure a better building project. However the challenge associated with this would be that different stakeholders have different needs tan the accommodation of these needs may be challenging for human resource professionals. Q#3- Globalization is the integration of different economies, societies, countries etc. through improved communication techniques, trade and less expe nsive transportation. The way in which globalization has had an impact on labor practices is that it has in effect made labor practices more transparent.

Los Vendidos by Luis Valdez Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Los Vendidos by Luis Valdez - Research Paper Example Though the mood of the play is light hearted or comic, it discusses grave issues that crave great social attention. The play brings to our notice the issues like social injustice, racism and the class segregation where the Americans always expected the Mexicans to rise up to their expectation. This attitude of the Americans is quite evident in the words of the secretary in the play where she demands the kind of robot that walks and behaves in the American fashion. A critical estimate of the play makes one join with the Canadian writer, Ryan McFadden when he rightly observed thus, â€Å"Los Vendidos is a play centred on drawing great attention to the misconstrued stereotypes of Chicanos while covertly ridiculing Americans which in turn successfully brings about conversation and critical thinking of these stereotypes and inspires viewers the opportunity to change their preconceived notions of Chicanos† (McFadden para.1). Therefore, the proposed critical study aims to establish a foresaid statement, that is, the play is a criticism, presented in a satirical way, against the existing social injustice touching the Mexican Americans from the Native Americans. The setting of this one-act play is located at Honest Sancho's Used Mexican Lot and Mexican Curio Shop, a shop located in California that sells various kinds of ‘robots’, stereotypes of Mexicans and Mexican Americans.... The very presentation of the salesman-cum owner, Honest Sancho and the customer, Miss Jimenez, who introduces herself as secretary for Governor Reagan, itself provides enough materials for the audience about the Mexican and Mexican American clash. Jimenez’s reprimand to Sancho’s mispronunciation of her name in ‘bad English’, when he actually used Spanish accent, provides ample evidence for this disagreement. The attitude of the Mexican American to the Mexican is crystal clear at her ignorance to the cultural stereotypes exhibited in that showroom, though belongs to the Chicana or the Mexican American and was actually looking for a ‘Mexican’ type. The satirical note in the play is very notable that the dramatist does not spare even a single chance to criticise dominating mentality of the Americans. Elements of the comedy of manners in Los Vendidos can be especially identified when considering Valdez’s satirizing of his Chicano stock chara cters (Stereotyped, flat characters or caricatures) that fail to conform the conventions of the U.S. society (Vogelmann p.7). The reluctance of the Mexican Americans to mingle with the Mexicans has been shaded in the words of the Secretary when she disagrees with the prospect buying the first two robots. She rejects the first robot which is in the form of the farm worker, just because of the reason that he does not know English, which has an elite part of American culture which the Mexicans lacked. In order to proposes these issues, the dramatist resorts to realistic comedy which really enhances the quality of the presentation, especially the conversation between Sancho and the secretary. According to Vogelmann, â€Å"The most important elements of realistic comedy in Luis Valdez’s acto Los Vendidos are,

My Essay on Vegetarianism Essay Example for Free

My Essay on Vegetarianism Essay The concept of vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of abstaining from flesh consumption. This practice can be adopted for different intentions. Many reject on eating meat out of respect for lives with the ability to feel and perceive. These ethical motivations can be related to religious beliefs, along with the concept of animal rights. Other motivations include reasons such as health, environmental, cultural or economic. To continue, some of these motives will be explained. One of the most common purposes for following this practice is the objection towards the beating or slaying of animals for food. As previously stated, this may be considered an ethical reason. Still, ethical motives upon this issue can be various. There are issues towards the ethics of eating meat and towards the ethics of killing for food but more commonly, the ethical motive is the way animals are treated. Some vegetarians with ethical motives try to discourage the exploitation and abuse animals suffer in slaughter houses. Factory animals are commonly intoxicated with synthetic growth hormones that cause them to grow in half the time they’d grow naturally. This makes them unable to sustain their own weight and make them prone to suffer organ failure. In some cases, their legs, unable to sustain the weight, break and consequently they can’t move or reach food causing them to starve to death. In the case of cows, calves are removed from their mother’s side shortly after birth. Female calves are added to the dairy herd or slaughtered for the enzyme rennet in their stomach used for cheese production. Cows are killed when after 4 or 5 years, her milk production ceases. In pigs, they are castrated, get hunks of flesh cut from their ears, the tips of their teeth cut off with wire-cutters, and their tails chopped. This is all without sedatives. On fish, they are dragged from ocean depths and undergo decompression, which ruptures their swim bladders, makes their eyes pop out, and push their stomachs through their mouths. It’s easy to understand that these practices are understandably decadent and thus contrary to the ethical beliefs of vegetarians. Ethical vegetarians also believe that killing an animal, like killing a human, can only be justified in extreme circumstances and that consuming a living creature for its enjoyable taste, convenience, or nutritional value is not sufficient cause. Another common view is that humans are morally conscious of their behavior in a way other animals are not and therefore subject to higher standards. Another motivation vegetarians have is precisely the effect that the meat industry leaves upon the environment. Some of the environmental effects that have been associated with meat production are pollution through fossil fuel usage, to give an example. It is said that adopting a vegetarian diet is more ecological than driving a hybrid car. This is because animals raised for flesh production use more resources than humans. They eat more plants, which also require resources to grow. They give off large amounts of planet-warming methane, breathe out a lot of carbon dioxide and create a lot of pollution. Moreover, in 2006 the United Nations reported that livestock has a substantial impact on the world’s water, land and biodiversity resources and significantly contribute to climate change. The report concluded that animal agriculture produces 18% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, compared with 13.5% from all forms of transportation combined. This is why reductions in meat consumption will ease the health care problem while improving public health. Declining livestock herds will take pressure off rangelands and grainlands, allowing the agricultural resource base to rejuvenate. Also, lowering meat consumption worldwide will allow more efficient use of land and water resources, while at the same time making grain more affordable to the worlds chronically hungry people. Another effect of the meat industry is on land degradation. Much of the world’s crops are used to feed animals with 30% of the land devoted to raising animals for food production. A 2010 United Nations report explained that Western dietary preferences for meat would be unsustainable as the world population rose to the forecasted 9.1 billion by 2050, year where demand for meat is expected to double. A third example of the motives vegetarians have on their nourishment ways is the health issue. Vegetarian-style eating patterns have been associated with improved health outcomes. Well-planed vegetarian diets are nutritionally adequate for all stages of the life cycle. This includes pregnancy, lactation, infancy, childhood, and adolescence. These diets can provide the adequate intake of protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12, and calcium. However, these nutrients can be low in poorly planned vegetarian diets though this is a factor that may occur in any diet as well; when they are poorly planned, nutrient intakes will be poor as well. Evidence suggests that vegetarians have lower rates of coronary heart disease, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis. They also tend to be more educated, wealthier, and more health-occupied than meat eaters. These findings are coherent as vegetarians are more health-occupied since, in order to be correctly accomplished, the practice of vegetarianism demands knowledge on its ways of nourishment. This is because it is not the typical diet us humans are commonly born into. Furthermore on the health effects, in 1999 a study was made comparing vegetarian and non-vegetarian mortality rates in Western countries. The findings were that in comparison with regular meat eaters, mortality from ischemic heart disease was 34% lower in pescetarians, 34% lower in ovo-lacto vegetarians, 26% lower in vegans and 20% lesser in infrequent meat eaters. On average, vegetarians consume a lower proportion of calories from fat; fewer overall calories; and more fiber, potassium, and vitamin C than do non-vegetarians. Vegetarians generally have a lower body mass index as well. In 2010 a study comparing a group of vegetarian and meat-eating â€Å"Seventh Day Adventists† found that vegetarians had a lower score on depression tests and had better mood profiles. All these findings in general, may easily conclude that vegetarian diets simply lead to a happier, healthier and longer way of life. Vegetarianism is a growing practice among the population. People living under this method of vegetarianism are often people concerned with the environment, with their health, and with the sensitive of other lives. It is a practice that may not be only contemplated on nutrition terms. This means that it follows an attitude and a way of living. A vegetarian may reject other forms of utilization of animals to produce goods or for human entertainment.

The Burgess Story Essay -- Paleontologists Science Scientists Essays

The Burgess Story "I don't like to say bad things about paleontologists, but they're really not very good scientists. They're more like stamp collectors. - Luis Alvarez, Physics Nobel Laureate - Luis Alvarez evidently had some very definite ideas about what a good scientist does, and it is especially telling that such a comment comes from a physicist. What could Alvarez have had in mind when he made this remark? He may have been making a mental comparison of the approach commonly used in physics -- that of laboratory experimentation -- with the way the study of paleontology is conducted, A paleontologist is very much a historian -- someone who is involved in the "reconstruction of past events ... based on narrative evidence of their own unique phenomena" (Gould 278). In Alvarez's eyes then, good science is characterised by the experimental approach of experiment, quantification, repetition, prediction, and restriction of complexity to a few variables that can be controlled and manipulated" (Gould 277). This seems to me too narrow a definition. Such an approach can hardly be used in fields such as paleontology, which study the occurrence of one-off events such as evolution. I n cases such as these, what standards can we use to determine whether something is admissible as good scientific practice? Philosophers of science such as Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn have each come up with their own ideas of what constitutes good science. Can they perhaps shed some light on other possible definitions of good science? Can these other definitions of good science be generalised to all disciplines of science? Popper and Kuhn have proposed strictly theoretical ideas -- It remains to be seen whether a concrete example of scientific resear... ...se pressures? The critenia for good science is jmportant so that the scientist remembers not to cave in to these pressures, and the layperson remembers that scientists can be fallible. Works Cited Gould, Stephen Jay. Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History. New York: W.W. Norton, c1989. Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970. Kuhn, Thomas S. "Logic of Discovery or Psychology of Research?" Criticism and the growth of knowledge: proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, London, 1965. Vol 4. Eds. hnre Lakatos, Alan Musgrave. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970. Popper, Karl R. Conjectures and refutations: the growth of scientific knowledge. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1963. Feymnan, Richard P. "Cargo Cult Science" The Burgess Story Essay -- Paleontologists Science Scientists Essays The Burgess Story "I don't like to say bad things about paleontologists, but they're really not very good scientists. They're more like stamp collectors. - Luis Alvarez, Physics Nobel Laureate - Luis Alvarez evidently had some very definite ideas about what a good scientist does, and it is especially telling that such a comment comes from a physicist. What could Alvarez have had in mind when he made this remark? He may have been making a mental comparison of the approach commonly used in physics -- that of laboratory experimentation -- with the way the study of paleontology is conducted, A paleontologist is very much a historian -- someone who is involved in the "reconstruction of past events ... based on narrative evidence of their own unique phenomena" (Gould 278). In Alvarez's eyes then, good science is characterised by the experimental approach of experiment, quantification, repetition, prediction, and restriction of complexity to a few variables that can be controlled and manipulated" (Gould 277). This seems to me too narrow a definition. Such an approach can hardly be used in fields such as paleontology, which study the occurrence of one-off events such as evolution. I n cases such as these, what standards can we use to determine whether something is admissible as good scientific practice? Philosophers of science such as Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn have each come up with their own ideas of what constitutes good science. Can they perhaps shed some light on other possible definitions of good science? Can these other definitions of good science be generalised to all disciplines of science? Popper and Kuhn have proposed strictly theoretical ideas -- It remains to be seen whether a concrete example of scientific resear... ...se pressures? The critenia for good science is jmportant so that the scientist remembers not to cave in to these pressures, and the layperson remembers that scientists can be fallible. Works Cited Gould, Stephen Jay. Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History. New York: W.W. Norton, c1989. Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970. Kuhn, Thomas S. "Logic of Discovery or Psychology of Research?" Criticism and the growth of knowledge: proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, London, 1965. Vol 4. Eds. hnre Lakatos, Alan Musgrave. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970. Popper, Karl R. Conjectures and refutations: the growth of scientific knowledge. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1963. Feymnan, Richard P. "Cargo Cult Science"

Article Review of Smoking

Addictive items have become one of the most significant health problems. The countries will be affected medical,economical,legal and social effects because of the use of addictive items. In this study is to identify and compare the number of basic students in Germany and Turkey. Turkey is one of the leading tobacco producing countries as well as of the major tobacco consuming countries. Smoking is very addictive and has effects both on economy and health. That is not easy to quit smoking because in statistic only 2-3% of smokers can quit smoking annually.Many of the adults start smoking at early ages and increase the amount of cigarettes smoked in adulthood. There also people say that smoking is because of personality traits. Up to now,no specific personality traits are identified as a risk for addiction to smoking. The methodology used in this study is survey by using questionnaire. First,the researcher make a sampling. The participants of the study are a total of 1024 German and Tu rkish basic education.Second,the data were collected through survey questionnaire because this study is an empirical one. Third,the data obtained were analysed by make use of descriptive statistical techniques,especially in the form of means,frequency and percentage. The findings or results in this study suggests that the rate of both German and Turkish students who frequently and sometimes smoke is higher than expected from their ages. However,the rate of the students who tried to smoke in both sample groups is also interesting.The findngs also indicate that the rate of the students who stated that their mothers, fathers, friends and teachers smoke is high. However, the rate of mothers and friends who smoke in the Turkish sample is lower than that in the German sample. Although in both sample groups the rate of the students who may try to smoke once is high, this rate varies between the groups. More specifically, the number of the German students who reported that they may try to s moke is much higher in contrast to Turkish participants.

Presence of Symbolism Imagery in Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf Essay

The Presence of Baby Symbolism in Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? by Edward Albee is packed with baby imagery. Albee seems to add an image of a baby to almost every page of the play. The reason for this type of imagery is to symbolize babies, which has great importance throughout the course of the play because it connects with the characters and themes in the novel. The direct repetition of the word â€Å"baby† becomes very apparent at the beginning of the play and stays consistent throughout. George and Martha call each other â€Å"baby† numerous times. â€Å"Let me tell you a secret, baby† (p.29) is just one of the many instances where George calls Martha â€Å"baby† and vice versa. Martha tends to use baby talk when speaking with George, especially when she’s begging him for a drink. In addition, Martha and George also like to refer to Nick and Honey as children. They treat them with an attitude as if they were little kids in their house. An example of this is when George greets Nick and Honey with â€Å"you must be our little guests† (p.20) while Martha directly says â€Å"c’mon in, kids† (p.20) to the couple. George continues to use baby imagery towards the guests, especially when he’s describing Honey on the bathroom floor. â€Å"Peaceful†¦so peaceful. Sound asleep†¦and she’s actually†¦sucking her thumb†¦.rolled up like a fetus, suckling away† (p.184) demonstrates how George uses a baby-like diction when describing Honey. Honey is even described as â€Å"slim-hipped† (p.44) a few times in the play, suggesting that she can’t bear children, giving the reader an imagery of pregnancy. Babies are one of the most dominant symbols in the play. Both couples have had pretend children in their lives. Honey had a hysterical pregnancy, giving Nick the sense of being forced into marrying her. However, Honey’s pregnancy was just made up in her mind, and the reason for that is because she truly wants a child of her own. This becomes apparent when she cries â€Å"I want a child, I want a baby!† (p.236). George and Martha’s child is made up as well, because they’re incapable of having children but most importantly, to fill the void in their lives. They’re covering up their marriage with the illusion of this child of theirs because they can’t handle to face the solitude that overcomes their pathetic lives. Then George decides to â€Å"kill† their son, and Martha is completely devastated. The last few lines of the play reveal that Martha is truly afraid of living without illusion, which was her son. The symbolism of babies parallels a few themes in the play. The â€Å"Visions of America† theme is present since the reason why both couples want a baby is so that the child can bring meaning to their lives as well as finalize the missing piece of the puzzle to the American Dream. The baby imagery also connects with the theme of â€Å"Marriage† by suggesting that a baby will create a successful marriage for both the couples. Nick married Honey because of her hysterical pregnancy, and now it’s almost as if they’re stuck with each other with no passion present. George and Martha have been married for a long time now, and their marriage started out with love but now they seem bitter and unhappy, and the reason for that could be because they have no child present in their lives. Nevertheless, the symbol of babies connects greatly with the theme of â€Å"Illusion vs. Reality.† The son was just an illusion for George and Martha because they were incapable of having a child and facing the reality of their lonely lives. Babies symbolize a various amount of things in Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, such as truth, illusion, happiness and even the American Dream. The lives of both couples have changed drastically over the illusion of babies, even when they don’t have any yet. Honey’s hysterical pregnancy landed her in a marriage with Nick that didn’t start out with love and passion. George and Martha have been masking the truth of their lives with their son for a long period of time. This has caused damage to their lives, and now they’re going to have to make some changes in order to face the hard desolate lives that they’ve been trying so hard to escape from. The message that Edward Albee is trying greatly to convey is that human beings must learn to live life without illusion obstructing the view, that way human beings can live their lives with full honesty.

Parliament NSW Aus essays

Parliament NSW Aus essays Question 1. Describe how NSW parliament House reflects the changes to government in Australia and NSW in the 19th and 20th Century. The NSW Parliament Building is located on Macquarie Street in the city, next door to the State Library of NSW. NSW Parliament Building was originally the Rum Hospital, a hospital completed in 1816 and built by convict labourers. Messrs Blaxcell, Riley and Wentworth agreed to fund the building of the hospital, on the condition they were given the monopoly on all the rum being transported to the colony. In 1829, the first Legislative Council moved into a part of the hospital, which they shared with surgeons, other government officials, and Sydneys first museum. There were 7 appointed councillors, which got rid of part of the power of the Governor. NSW was, slowly, democratising itself. Women were not allowed to stand for parliament. Before moving to what is now NSW Parliament House, the Legislative Councils meetings were held in Government House, so these premises were bigger and more central to Sydney towns happenings. NSW Parliament changed over time though. The Legislative Assembly chamber was added in 1843, and made Parliaments proceedings more organised, with everyone in the same place, and all the Parliamentary proceedings centralised. In 1856, The Legislative Councils chambers were added on to the right side of the building. This was the most important change to the NSW Parliament Building, in that it reflects the changes that NSW Government was going through at the time; namely that NSW government changed to a bicameral system. The Legislative Assembly chamber was decorated in green, and still is today. This reflects the fact that Australias individual state parliaments were mostly drawing on Britains system of government to run their own. In Britain, the Lower House is called the House of Commons, and the commoners who traditionally were part...

Origins of the French Revolution in the Ancien Regime

Origins of the French Revolution in the Ancien Regime The classic view of the ancien rà ©gime in  France- the state of the nation before the French Revolution of 1789- is one of opulent, corpulent aristocrats enjoying wealth, privilege, and the finery of life, while totally divorced from the mass of the French people, who stooped in rags to pay for it. When this picture is painted, it is usually followed by an explanation of how a revolution- a massive smashing of the old by the massed ranks of the newly empowered common man- was necessary to destroy the institutionalized disparities. Even the name suggests a major gap: it was old, the replacement is new. Historians now tend to believe this is largely a myth, and that much once regarded as purely the result of the revolution was actually evolving before it. A Changing Government The revolution did not suddenly change France from a society where position and power depended on birth, custom, and being obsequious to the king, nor did it usher in an entirely new era of government being run by skilled professionals instead of noble amateurs. Before the revolution, ownership of rank and title was increasingly dependent upon money rather than birth, and this money was increasingly being made by dynamic, educated, and able newcomers who bought their way into the aristocracy. 25% of the nobility- 6000 families- had been created in the eighteenth century. (Schama, Citizens, p. 117) Yes, the revolution swept away a vast number of anachronisms and legal titles, but they had already been evolving. The nobility was not a homogenous group of overfed and debauched abusers- although these existed- but a vastly varying set which included the rich and the poor, the lazy and the entrepreneurial, and even those determined to tear their privileges down. Changing Economics A change in land and industry is sometimes cited as happening during the revolution. The supposedly ‘feudal’ world of dues and homage to a master in return for land is supposed to have been ended by the revolution, but many arrangements- where they had existed at all- had already been changed into rents before the revolution, not after. The industry had also been growing  pre-revolution, led by entrepreneurial aristocrats benefiting from the capital. This growth wasn’t on the same scale as Britain, but it was large, and the revolution halved it, not increased it. Foreign trade before the revolution grew so much that Bordeaux nearly doubled in size in thirty years. The practical size of France was shrinking too with an increase in travelers and the movement of goods and the speed with which they moved. Lively and Evolving Society French society was not backward and stagnant and in need of a revolution to clear it out as once claimed. Interest in enlightened science had never been stronger, and the cult of heroes took in men like Montgolfier (who brought people to the skies), and Franklin (who tamed electricity). The crown, under the curious, if awkward  Louis XVI, took on board invention and innovation, and the government was reforming public health, food production, and more. There was plenty of philanthropy, such as schools for the disabled. Arts also continued to evolve and developed. Society had been evolving in other ways. The explosion of the press which helped the revolution was certainly bolstered by the end of censorship during the upheaval but began in the decade before 1789. The idea of virtue, with an emphasis on the purity of oration over text, sobriety, and scientific curiosity was evolving out of the trend for ‘sensibility’ before the revolution took it to more extreme heights. Indeed the whole voice of the revolution- in as much as historians ever agree on a commonality among the revolutionaries- was developing before. The idea of the citizen, patriotic to the state, was also emerging in the pre-revolutionary period. The Importance of the Ancien Rà ©gime on the Revolution None of this is to say that the ancien rà ©gime was without problems, not least of which was the management of government finances and the state of the harvests. But it is clear that the changes wrought by the revolution had many of their origins in the earlier period, and they made it possible for the revolution to take the course it did. Indeed, you could argue that the upheaval of the revolution- and the ensuing military empire- actually delayed much of the recently proclaimed ‘modernity’ from fully emerging.

Netflix Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Netflix - Research Paper Example programming distributors, direct broadcast satellite providers and telecommunication providers; (3) entertainment video retailers; and (4) DVD rental outlets and kiosk services (â€Å"Netflix, Inc. Form 10-K,† 2012). According to Aaker (2007) market analysis can be viewed at through seven dimensions: market size, market growth rate, market profitability, industry cost structure, distribution channels, market trends and key success factors. According to Datamonitor (2012) the global movies and entertainment market generated total revenues of $109.4 billion in 2009 which represented a 0.2% growth rate from 2005-2009. This industry spans multiple sectors and is highly dynamic. The major growth driver for this industry is the rapid evolution of platforms and delivery methods epitomized by smartphones, tablets and the social Web. Analyzing an organization’s value chain makes it easier to identify where value is added and/or where the organization could develop a cost advantage. Online businesses such as Netflix benefit from the Internet’s ability to lower the costs in much of their value chain especially in inbound and outbound logistics, operations and distribution channel. However, in order to develop competitive advantage online companies must invest, innovate and grow competencies in technology, infrastructure and service. Also, these companies have to operate on low-cost models given the market’s expectation for lower products prices. Plunkett Research (2012) identified increased consumer demand for more control over what they read, listen to or watch as the premier factor that will drive changes in this market in the near future. According to them, issues of control will be manifested through portability, pricing and delayed viewing or listening. Portability refers to the ability to view and share content across multiple platforms such as iPads, Android smartphones, digital TV and desktop operating systems. Pricing for content is important given

Parental Involvement Educational Outcomes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Parental Involvement Educational Outcomes - Essay Example A good example provided is parental education a socio-economic status. Schneider, Keesler and Morlock state that research confirms that students whose parents completed higher education levels performed better academically. This is because the parents have set a standard for their children; therefore, children work hard to attain an equivalent of or more than their parents’ achievements. Berthelsen supports the idea that the academic achievement and social adjustments of many children depends on the parent’s expectation on the child’s academic achievement. Berthelsen states that the involvement of families and schools in a child’s academic progress guarantees higher achievements in school. Schneider, Keesler and Morlock consider the relation between family structure and children learning. According to the authors children in single parent families most times experience negative developmental outcomes. This is due to the huge parental responsibilities burdened on the single parent. This limits the time the parent spends with the children. As a result, this affects the children’s learning and social skill. Barbara, Keesler, and Morlock explain that the emotional involvement and interaction of both parents does affect a child’s emotional growth, and cognitive development (Schneider, Keesler, and Morlock, 2010). According to Schneider, Keesler and Morlock (2010) parental action determines a child’s cognitive and social development. The authors point that children who are securely attached to their parents or caregivers embody a sense of freedom when exploring their environment. Exploring allows a child to learn social skills, language skills and acquire a sense of responsibility On the other hand; abusive parents tend to lead their children into adopting an avoidant attachment behaviour, which prevents a child from discovering their surroundings. According to a report by Toronto public health department children who experience positive parenting

Case Study See Attachment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

See Attachment - Case Study Example estos residue in pores and cracks, whether TEG was required to follow the contract specifications rather than its work plan, and whether TEG was entitled to compensation for removing what it alleged were excessive quantities of asbestos. The concept of breach of contract was the vital issue associated with these issues. Court’s Rationale or Reasoning for its Decision: The court adheres to the presumption that any ‘debris and residues’ contains asbestos. The court also made the case clear by going back to the basic law concerning contract, and its interpretation. Key Facts: There was presence of contract between the two parties involved in the case. There was a Board’s decision made. For this matter at hand, the cross-motions for summary judgment on the contractor’s appeal from the Board’s decision were thereafter filed in the United States Court of Claims. Legal Issue(s) Presented before Court: There were three essential issues raised in this case, which include the power outage claim, the claim for delays in obtaining access to the apartments, and the contractor’s right to recover damages. Holding of the Court: The Board’s decision involving the power outage of August 18, 1978 was affirmed. Access claim however, was reversed and both motions for summary judgment were denied, allowing the case to be remanded to the

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Data Replication

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Data Replication By having a file system replicated, if 1 of the replica crashes, the system is still able to continue working by switching it to another replica. Having multiple copies helps in protecting against corrupted data Example: If there are three copies of a file data with each of them performed read and write operation. We can prevent failing of a single write operation having the value returned by the other two copies are correct. Improve the performance by replicating the server as well as dividing the work. This can be achieved by increasing number of processes needed to access data managed by the server Scaling in geographical area Client at all sites can experience the improved availability of replicated data. When the local copy of the replicated data is unavailable, the clients will still be able to access the remote copy of the data Disadvantage: Leading to inconsistency of files containing data When there are multiple copies and that one copy is being modified, the copy will be different from the other replicas. If the copy is being modified and is not propagated to other copies. It will make the other copies out-dated. Example: replication to making improvement the access time of web pages. However, the users might not get the most updated webpages because the webpages that are returned might be a cached version of the pages previously fetched from the web server Cost of increased bandwidth for maintaining replication Replication of data in the files needs to be kept up to date, a network often has large number of message flowing through when the users interact with the file data having to modify or delete data. Thus, data replication will get expensive Give at least two examples of a distributed system, and explain how scalability is addressed in those systems. An online transaction processing system is scalable due to it can be upgraded by adding new processors, storage and devices to process more transactions. This can be upgraded easily and transparently without shutting the system down. The distributed nature of DNS (Domain Name System) allows working efficiently even when every host in the worldwide Internet are served. Thus, it is said to scale well. DNS has the hierarchical design around administratively delegated namespaces and also the use of caching. This seek to reduce load on the root servers at the top of the namespace hierarchy as well as the successful caching limit client-perceived delays with the wide area network bandwidth usage. Question 2 We mentioned in the lectures three different techniques for redirecting clients to servers: TCP handoff, DNS-based redirection, and HTTP-based redirection. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of each technique? TCP handoff Advantage: The TCP handoff achieved total transparency from the clientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s point of view as it operates on transport level streams. Therefore, the client will not be aware of them being redirected. When they send the requests to the service machine, they will not be able to know the intermediate gateway switch them between replicas. Disadvantage: The disadvantage of TCP handoff is that the client will not be offer more than one replica to choose from and the redirection mechanism remains in charge of what happen to the client requests. TCP handoff is being treated as a redirection mechanism as it distinguishes service based on the combination of the target machine port number and address. Thus, if we want to replicate service, it is needed to make full copy on the each replica where in this way will lose the flexibility of partial replication. DNS-based Redirection Advantage: DNS-based Redirection achieves transparency without the loss of scalability. It achieved transparency due to the clients are obliged to use the provided addresses by the DNS server. It cannot establish whether the addresses are from the home machine of the server or its replicas. DNS is very efficient as a distributed name resolution service. DNS allows multiple replicas addresses to be returned and to enable the client to choose one of them. Another advantage of DNS is its good maintainability. Disadvantage: DNS queries carry no information on the client triggering the name resolution. For the service-side DNS server, it knows the network address of the DNS server only that ask about the service location. DNS cannot distinguish between the different services that are located on the same machine. When a recursive query occurs, DNS server needs to create chain of queries that end at the server domain DNS server. This will only let the latter knows the address of the DNS server that is a step before the chain and not the origin of the created chain of queries. Thus, the service domain DNS server does not have information about the location of the client. HTTP-based Redirection Advantage: HTTP-based redirection is easy to deploy. What is needed is the possibility of serving dynamic generated web pages. In addition to create the actual content, the generator can determine an optimal replica which rewrite internal references that point to the replica. It is proven to be efficient even though it is always required to retrieve initial document from the main server. All the further works proceeded between client and selected replica; this is likely to give optimal performance to the client. Disadvantage: The disadvantage is that it lacked of transparency. Receiving a URL explicitly points to certain replica and that the browser will become aware of the switching between the different machines. And for scalability, the necessity of making contact with is always the same, the single service machine can make it bottleneck as the number of clients increase which makes situation worse. What is multicast communication? Explain an approach for achieving multicasting. Multicast communication refers to the delivery of a data source transmitted from a source node to an arbitrary number of destination nodes. Application-level multicast is an approach to achieving multicasting, the nodes are organise into overlay network and is use to disseminate information to the members. The nodes are organising into either a tree or a mesh where there will be a unique path between pair of nodes or every node will be having multiple neighbours which can mean that there are multiple paths between each pair. Having nodes organise into a mesh will be more robust due to having the opportunity to disseminate information without immediate reorganise the whole overlay network. Example: Multicast tree in chord This is because when a multicast message is send by a node towards the root of the tree, it looks up the data that is along the tree it wants. In the case of reliable FIFO-ordered multicasts, the communication layer is forced to deliver incoming messages from the same process in the same order as they have been sent. What are the permissible delivery orderings for the combination of FIFO and total-ordered multicasting in Figure. 8-15 (shown on the last page of this assignment)? Question 3 Why is receiver-based message logging considered to be better than sender-based logging? Explain the reasons behind your answer. The reason for this is that recovery is entirely local. In the sender-based logging, a recovering process has to contact the senders to retransmit their message. Example: When a receiving process crashes, most checkpoint state will be restored and replay the message that is been sent again. It combines checkpoint with message logging make it easier to have a state restore that lies beyond the recent checkpoint. As for sender-based logging, it is difficult to find recovery line as the checkpoint will cause a domino effect meaning that there will be inconsistency checkpoint and cost of taking a checkpoint is high. In conclusion, receiver-based message logging is better than sender-based logging Does the Triple Modular Redundancy Model (TMR) capable of masking any type of failure? Explain your answer. Triple Modular Redundancy Model is not capable of masking any type of failure. This is because TMR assumption on the voting circuit determines which replication it is in error having a 2 to 1 vote is observed. The voting circuit will output the result that is correct and discard the erroneous one. The TMR is able to mask the erroneous version successfully if it is assumed to be a failure presenting itself to the system. Also, if there is 1 fault or more appearing at the same time in the particular system, TMR will not be able to mask. In addition, TMR is not able to mask successfully if the above assumptions are invalid. Thus, it is sometimes extended to QMR (Quad Modular Redundancy). Example: if X1, X2 and X3 were to fail all at the same time, the voter will have a undefined output. Compare the two-phase commit protocol with the three-phase commit protocol (chapter 8 in the book). Would it be possible to eliminate blocking in a two-phase commit when the participants were to elect a new coordinator? Explain your answer. The blocking can never be completely eliminated. This is because after the election, the new coordinator might crash. Thus, the remaining participants will not reach a final decision because the election requires vote from the newly elected coordinator. Question 4 Why do persistent connections generally improve performance compared to non-persistent connections? Explain reasons to why persistent connections are disabled on some Web servers (why would anyone want to disable persistent connections)? The client is able to issue several requests without the need of waiting for the response to the 1st request. The server is also able to issue several requests without having to create spate connection for the communicate pair. It is so because when using non-persistent connections. A separate TCP connection is establish to load every component of a Web document and when the web documents contains embedded content such as images or multi-media content, it will become inefficient. Also it is because some of the web serversà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ middleware layer is weak and unable to manage clients that are sending several requests. These requests will only stack up in the middleware layer that will cause response to be slow due to only 1 connection for all the requests. Explain the difference between static web content and dynamic content created by server-side CGI programs. The difference between static web content and dynamic content is that: Dynamic content is able to customize response and providing transparency to users. Users are unable to know if HTML document is generated on demand or it is physically stored in a location. The value can be store in database and will be retrieved and generated on demand when user requested for the values using the CGI program. Flexibility is provided in CGI program as it can run executable file from the server which allowed interactivity on the site. However, static web content is not able to do it. Static web content, the users are aware that the data is stored as information presented would be the same. If multiple webpages were needed to be updated it will be quite tedious. A lot of time is consume due to each update requires retrieving of HTML documents to update. When create a new webpage, time is consume. For static web content, overhead will not be generated as much as dynamic content as CGI program will take up time and memory to generate and produce output. Whereas for the static web content, it is displayed as how it is being retrieved.

Understanding Of Scottish Society :: essays research papers fc

Abstract The concept of a nation state has only emerged over the last couple of centuries, before this point less advanced and coherent states managed the affairs of the populous. The nation state is the overlapping of two separate features. The nation is the identity that individuals relate to within the society. This can exist on its own, as all that is needed is a person to feel that they have a connection with others on no more than shared belonging. The state is used to take national feelings of loyalty and use them to effectively govern peoples lives. The state almost like a governmental overlay for a national identity to operate within. Scotland can be seen in this light because it is a fine example of what nationhood looks like, without the apparatus of the state to cloud the picture. Scotland has this dual identity of Scottish nation within the confines of a British state. In answering this question it is necessary to investigate the origins of modern nation states. Firstly examining what the term 'Nation State' means by breaking it down into its two parts. Lastly I will examine how accurate a term the 'Nation State' is when applied to Scottish Society. The 'Nation State' is a recent phenomena, with most of human history being founded on stateless societies. These stateless societies refer to the tribal and clan systems that existed across the globe, before the emergence of larger societies such as Empires and Kingdoms. These societies were able to function as they were relatively small. The whole or at least a large part of the community could be involved in any decision that need to be made, although because of their size complex decision making processes were needed. With the increase of population and the subsequent competition for limited resources, systems started to emerge that could handle the new demands. Economies started to produce more than what was required by the community, so the surplus was trade with neighbouring communities. This process also created the need for higher authority to govern the transactions between the communities. These embryonic communities developed into what can be described as traditional states, with a sovereign leader such as a King or Emperor who ruled absolutely. They could do this because they held the reins of the states military forces. In Max Weber's view this was the critical component of any state. For a state to be legitimate it must have a monopoly of the use of violence within the confines of its own territory. However usually this was only a last resort and the ordinary people were quite unaware of the state developing around them. A limited form of government would emerge to ensure that the Head of the State could rule effectively.

Early Risk Factors for Being a Bully, Victim, or Bully in Late Elementary

26 Nov. 2012 Early risk factors for being a bully, victim, or bully/victim in late elementary and early secondary education. The longitudinal TRAIL study By Danielle EMC Jansen, Rene Veenstra, Johan Ormel, Frank C Verhulst and Sijmen A Reijeveld This research discusses the influence of early risk factors on later involvement in bullying. In the beginning of the article, the authors mentioned that while bullying is a serious problem in school all over the world, the most researches on bullying focus on characteristics of children at the moment they already are involved in bullying.Thus there are limited data regarding the impact of early risk factors in bullying. They examined the influence of preschool behaviors, family characteristics, and parental mental health on bullying and victimization. Their examination includes obtaining data of family characteristics, parental mental health and retrospectively on children’s preschool behavior with survey method. Then, they measured t he schoolmate’s reports for involvement of adolescents in bullying or victimization at age 11 and 13. 5.As the research conclusion, variety of aspects such as behavior in preschool, emotional problem, motor problem, socio-economic status, and family breakup, are linked to the involvement in bullying at a later age. The authors emphasize that focusing on risk groups in early age enhances prevention of bullying and its consequences. In this article, the authors are indicating the problem that bullying is a significant issue all over the world, and that there are only limited evidence that associate features of children background before they were involved in bullying.As a solution to this problem, the authors wanted to seek the risk factors; especially before children begin social relationship. They designed their research to examine the impact of the children’s background during the preschool age on bullying at the early teen age. The study subjects’ family chara cteristics include parental mental health, and preschool behavioral, emotional problem and motor problem. I believe this research design is appropriate for the solution of the problem. The ethods of sampling they use were survey and peer nomination from schoolmates; survey is to measure children’s background in preschool hood, peer nomination is to measure involvements in bullying as being bully, bully/victim, or victim. I assume that the sampling methods are appropriate because there are limited contaminations such as experimenter’s bias or base rate problems. The possible confounding variables are gender, diagnoses of development disorders, stress level, and history of heredity mental disease through family. When measuring the behavior, the gender is always the possible confounding variable.Boys and Girls have different preferences of toys, ways of playing, and tension level. The diagnoses of development disorders such as ADD or ADHD are major confounding variables f or the measuring children’s behavior as well. The main limitation of the data collection was that they used retrospective reports of preschool behavior. As a result, parental report may have been affected by inaccuracies in their memory. Other than that, I could say that the data gathering method is reliable and also valuable because the results were based on facts.As a result of their research, preschool children with aggressiveness were more likely to be a bully, bully/victim, and victim. Preschool children with good motor skill were more likely to be bully and less likely to be victim. Children from low socioeconomic status families were more likely to be bully, bully/victim, and victim. Children from intact two parent families were more likely to be uninvolved in bullying. After considering the entire research outcomes, the authors concluded that certain aspects from children in preschool are related to involvement in bullying at a later age.Thus I could say that the evid ence substantiated this conclusion. Focusing on risk at an early age can enhance the prevention of bullying. The research results are very interesting and informative. It helped me as a parent, to realize the importance of preschool social and environmental factors of bullying at later ages. I chose this article for the discussion on this short paper because I am interested in parenting techniques. The way to raise children without involvement of bullying, neither being a bully nor a victim.I do not want my children to get involved with any fears or sadness in school caused by bullying. I believe many often parents feel the same way. I have never experienced any aspect of bullying during my early school age. However I have heard of many stories about bullying in our school and resulted in psychological trauma or injury. I believe that being strong physically and emotionally are very important to escape from bullies. Joining sports clubs is one of the great ways to become stronger ph ysically and emotionally.My four year old son, has recently has joined a flag football team. Being a member of this team will help him obtain the physical ability and emotional development. After he learned how to efficiently run faster and move quickly, he achieved well during the games. When he did well during games, he was encouraged by positive feedbacks from adults. The positive feedback from adults is powerful tools that will help him build up confidence. Another great aspect of being a part of sports team is the opportunity to gain social skill such as fairness, care, respect, and responsibility.Being a fair and trustworthy player is very important for sportsmanship. Coaches and older players are always encouraging children to be fair and trustworthy. Practicing with the same teammates two to three times a week helps children to build a powerful trust and make great relationship with their teammates. Children can learn many lessons from small societies like a sports team to p repare for their real life. Another thing that I learned from this research article is the importance of family environment.I realize that children are very sensitive to their family characteristics and affected easily from negative family factors such as fighting among parents and family break ups. I remembered the time when I was a child, I hated when my mother and father were arguing in front of me. I was sad and unhappy hearing their fighting voices. Thus I can easily imagine how sad to be in the middle of parental conflict in their childhood. To provide the environment without anxiety from parental conflicts, mental issues or family break up is very important for make a strong and mentally stable person.